Increasing knowledge of the association of honeybee viruses with other honeybee parasites, primarily the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, and their implication in the mass mortality of honeybee colonies has resulted ...

There are a number of pressures on researchers in academia and industry to behave unethically or compromise their ethical standards, for instance in order to obtain funding or publish frequently. In this paper a case study ...

An electrochemical DNA nanobiosensor was prepared by immobilization of a 20mer thiolated probe DNA on electro-deposited generation 4 (G4) poly(propyleneimine) dendrimer (PPI) doped with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) as ...

A novel enzyme immobilization platform was prepared on a platinum disk working electrode by polymerizing aniline inside the interstitial pores of polyester sulphonic acid sodium salt (PESA). Scanning electron microscopy ...

An aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) electrochemical immunosensor was developed by the immobilisation of aflatoxin B1-bovine serum albumin (AFB1-BSA) conjugate on a polythionine (PTH)/gold nanoparticles (AuNP)-modified glassy carbon ...

This paper presents a fully decentralised peer-topeer voice communication tool intended for use across mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) by distributed groups who desired collaboration. We examined the synergy between MANETs ...

Next Generation Networks use policy-based network management and QoS protocols to provide voice services on IP networks. Large numbers of older equipment still push IP packets. We present several solutions that include ...

Zonation patterns on rocky shores are typically as a result of both physical factors and biological interactions. Physical factors generally set the upper limits of species distributions, while biological interactions ...

In South Africa, the flow requirements for maintaining the normal functioning of aquatic ecosystems is termed the “ecological reserve”, and these should be determined when a licence application for water allocation is ...

It has been reported in some studies that the newly discovered human coronavirus NL-63 (HCoVNL63) is one of the most common coronaviruses associated with acute respiratory infections. HCoVNL63 was first isolated in 2004 ...