Prof. Brian van Wykhttp://hdl.handle.net/10566/24732024-03-28T14:06:18Z2024-03-28T14:06:18ZKnowledge and awareness of human papillomavirus and
intention with regard to human papillomavirus vaccine uptake
by female tertiary students in the Eastern Cape provincevan Wyk, Brian EduardChikandiwa, Admirehttp://hdl.handle.net/10566/21862016-08-30T19:44:42Z2013-01-01T00:00:00ZKnowledge and awareness of human papillomavirus and
intention with regard to human papillomavirus vaccine uptake
by female tertiary students in the Eastern Cape province
van Wyk, Brian Eduard; Chikandiwa, Admire
In 2008, two human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, Cervarix and Gardasil, were licensed for use in South Africa. Initial models
showed that vaccination could lead to an approximate 70% decline in cervical cancer cases. This paper describes the knowledge,
awareness and health beliefs about HPV and the HPV vaccine, and the intentions of female tertiary students with respect of
being vaccinated with the latter. An observational, descriptive and analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted among 150
female tertiary students at a university in the Eastern Cape province in this regard. Knowledge and awareness of HPV and the
HPV vaccine were poor. Only 22.7% of the students were aware of HPV and that an HPV vaccine was available in South Africa.
However, most respondents (80%) reported a willingness to be vaccinated. Being aware of the existence of a Papanicolaou
smear, higher knowledge of HPV, higher perceived vaccine effectiveness and higher perceived severity of HPV infection were
significantly associated with increased willingness to be vaccinated. There is a need for education on HPV and its vaccination
in South Africa. An effective vaccine marketing strategy should emphasise the effectiveness of the vaccine, the susceptibility of
women to contracting HPV and the severity of being infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.
2013-01-01T00:00:00ZRealist evaluation of the antiretroviral treatment adherence club programme in selected primary healthcare facilities in the metropolitan area of Western Cape Province, South Africa: a study protocolMukumbang, Ferdinand C.Van Belle, SaraMarchal, Brunovan Wyk, Brian Eduardhttp://hdl.handle.net/10566/21172017-09-11T08:09:30Z2016-01-01T00:00:00ZRealist evaluation of the antiretroviral treatment adherence club programme in selected primary healthcare facilities in the metropolitan area of Western Cape Province, South Africa: a study protocol
Mukumbang, Ferdinand C.; Van Belle, Sara; Marchal, Bruno; van Wyk, Brian Eduard
INTRODUCTION: Suboptimal retention in care and poor
treatment adherence are key challenges to antiretroviral
therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa. Communitybased
approaches to HIV service delivery are
recommended to improve patient retention in care and
ART adherence. The implementation of the adherence
clubs in the Western Cape province of South Africa
was with variable success in terms of implementation
and outcomes. The need for operational guidelines for
its implementation has been identified. Therefore,
understanding the contexts and mechanisms for
successful implementation of the adherence clubs is
crucial to inform the roll-out to the rest of South
Africa. The protocol outlines an evaluation of
adherence club intervention in selected primary
healthcare facilities in the metropolitan area of the
Western Cape Province, using the realist approach.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: In the first phase, an
exploratory study design will be used. Document
review and key informant interviews will be used to
elicit the programme theory. In phase two, a multiple
case study design will be used to describe the
adherence clubs in five contrastive sites.
Semistructured interviews will be conducted with
purposively selected programme implementers and
members of the clubs to assess the context and
mechanisms of the adherence clubs. For the
programme’s primary outcomes, a longitudinal
retrospective cohort analysis will be conducted using
routine patient data. Data analysis will involve
classifying emerging themes using the contextmechanism-
outcome (CMO) configuration, and refining
the primary CMO configurations to conjectured CMO
configurations. Finally, we will compare the conjectured
CMO configurations from the cases with the initial
programme theory. The final CMOs obtained will be
translated into middle range theories.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study will be
conducted according to the principles of the
declaration of Helsinki (1964). Ethics clearance was
obtained from the University of the Western Cape.
Dissemination will be done through publications and
curation.
2016-01-01T00:00:00ZHIV/AIDS competent households: Interaction between a health-enabling environment and community-based treatment adherence support for people living with HIV/AIDS in South AfricaMasquillier, CarolineWouters, EdwinMortelmans, Dimitrivan Wyk, Brian EduardHausler, HarryVan Damme, Wimhttp://hdl.handle.net/10566/20892016-08-30T20:05:28Z2016-01-01T00:00:00ZHIV/AIDS competent households: Interaction between a health-enabling environment and community-based treatment adherence support for people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa
Masquillier, Caroline; Wouters, Edwin; Mortelmans, Dimitri; van Wyk, Brian Eduard; Hausler, Harry; Van Damme, Wim
In the context of severe human resource shortages in HIV care, task-shifting and especially
community-based support are increasingly being cited as potential means of providing
durable care to chronic HIV patients. Socio-ecological theory clearly stipulates that–in all
social interventions–the interrelatedness and interdependency between individuals and
their immediate social contexts should be taken into account. People living with HIV/AIDS
(PLWHA) seldom live in isolation, yet community-based interventions for supporting chronic
HIV patients have largely ignored the social contexts in which they are implemented.
Research is thus required to investigate such community-based support within its context.
The aim of this study is to address this research gap by examining the way in which HIV/
AIDS competence in the household hampers or facilitates community-based treatment
adherence support. The data was analyzed carefully in accordance with the Grounded Theory
procedures, using Nvivo 10. More specifically, we analyzed field notes from participatory
observations conducted during 48 community-based treatment adherence support
sessions in townships on the outskirts of Cape Town, transcripts of 32 audio-recorded indepth
interviews with PLWHA and transcripts of 4 focus group discussions with 36 community
health workers (CHWs). Despite the fact that the CHWs try to present themselves as
not being openly associated with HIV/AIDS services, results show that the presence of a
CHW is often seen as a marker of the disease. Depending on the HIV/AIDS competence in
the household, this association can challenge the patient’s hybrid identity management and
his/her attempt to regulate the interference of the household in the disease management.
The results deepen our understanding of how the degree of HIV/AIDS competence present
in a PLWHA’s household affects the manner in which the CHW can perform his or her job and the associated benefits for the patient and his/her household members. In this respect,
a household with a high level of HIV/AIDS competence will be more receptive to treatment
adherence support, as the patient is more likely to allow interaction between the CHW and
the household. In contrast, in a household which exhibits limited characteristics of HIV/
AIDS competence, interaction with the treatment adherence supporter may be difficult in
the beginning. In such a situation, visits from the CHW threaten the hybrid identity management.
If the CHWhandles this situation cautiously and the patient–acting as a gate keeper–
allows interaction, the CHW may be able to help the household develop towards HIV/AIDS
competence. This would have a more added value compared to a household which was
more HIV/AIDS competent from the outset. This study indicates that pre-existing dynamics
in a patient’s social environment, such as the HIV/AIDS competence of the household,
should be taken into account when designing community-based treatment adherence programs
in order to provide long-term quality care, treatment and support in the context of
human resource shortages.
2016-01-01T00:00:00Z