Youths in gangs on the Cape Flats: If not gangs, then what?
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Date
2021-03Author
van der Westhuizen, Marichen
Gawulayo, Sibulelo
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Gangs are social groups within geographical territories that use symbols, verbal and non-verbal
communication to express their belonging to the group, and resort to crime to exercise power and control
over the territory in which they operate (De Wet, 2016; Cooper & Ward, 2012). They are formed to claim
control over a specific market, such as illegal substances, in a specific territory. Activities are organised
through leadership structures and an internal organisation of roles and responsibilities for gang members.
Criteria for the functioning of gangs in general include a command structure, exerting power over a
territory and its inhabitants and its resources, and use of armed violence. The above criteria are also
applicable to youth gangs (Cooper & Ward, 2012).