Snapshots of urban and rural food environments: EPOCH-based mapping in a high-, middle-, and low-income country from a non-communicable disease perspective
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Date
2020Author
Spires, Mark
Berggreen-Clausen, Aravinda
Kasujja, Francis Xavier
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A changing food environment is implicated as a primary contributor to the increasing
levels of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study aimed to generate snapshots of selected
external food environments to inform intervention strategies for NCD prevention in three countries:
Uganda (low income), South Africa (middle income) and Sweden (high income), with one matched
pair of urban–rural sites per country. Fifty formal and informal food retail outlets were assessed,
and descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were performed.