A model to understand HIV-related stigma and the psychosocial well-being of children orphaned by AIDS: a theory generative approach
Abstract
HIV-related stigma has negatively impacted the psychosocial well-being of children who have
been orphaned by AIDS-related causes. Response to reducing stigma and ensuring child wellbeing is hindered by the limited understanding of HIV-related stigma and how it affects the
psychosocial well-being of children. Due to the call for a comprehensive understanding of
HIV-related stigma, this study aimed to develop a model to understand the manner in
which HIV-related stigma affects the psychosocial well-being of children orphaned by AIDS.
The study implemented a mixed method, exploratory, sequential design within a theory
generative approach that included concept development, statement development, model
description, and model evaluation. The developed model indicated that HIV-related stigma
is embedded in social interaction and mediated by children orphaned by AIDS response to
stigma. HIV-related stigma and maladaptive coping strategies collectively affect several
domains of child psychosocial well-being and elevate psychosocial distress. This is the first
model to provide a child-centred understanding of HIV-related stigma and its consequences
for psychosocial well-being. The model may be used to guide future research and inform
the development of appropriate interventions.