Evaluation of innovative polyvinyl alcohol/ alginate/ green palladium nanoparticles composite scaffolds: Effect on differentiated human dental pulp stem cells into osteoblasts

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds are attracting great concern for bone tissue engineering applications. However, selecting an appropriate material with optimal physical, chemical, and mechanical properties is considered a great challenge. The green synthesis approach is essential to avoid the production of harmful by-products through textured construction, sustainable, and eco-friendly procedures. This work aimed at the implementation of natural green synthesized metallic nanoparticles for the development of composite scaffolds for dental applications