Browsing Faculty of Natural Sciences by Title
Now showing items 174-193 of 2567
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B-cell and T-cell activation in South African HIV-1-positive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients
(AOSIS, 2018)BACKGROUND: Altered immune mechanisms play a critical role in the pathogenesis of non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). HIV-1 (HIV) infection is associated with a state of excessive T-cell activation, which can lead to increased ... -
Ba 138 (d,α) study of states in Cs 136: implications for new physics searches with xenon detectors
(American Physical Society, 2023)We used the Ba138(d,α) reaction to carry out an in-depth study of states in Cs136, up to around 2.5 MeV. In this Letter, we place emphasis on hitherto unobserved states below the first 1+ level, which are important in the ... -
Bacterial morphotype grading for periodontal disease assessment
(Nature Publishing Group, 2017)BACKGROUND: Listgarten and Hellden (1978) used darkfield microscopy of wet mounts to differentiate between healthy and periodontally diseased sites in the mouth by expressing the different bacterial morphotypes observed ... -
Bacterial viruses subcommittee and archaeal viruses subcommittee of the ictv: Update of taxonomy changes in 2021
(Springer, 2021)In this article, we – the Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee and the Archaeal Viruses Subcommittee of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) – summarise the results of our activities for the period March ... -
Balancing redox cofactor generation and ATP synthesis: key microaerobic responses in thermophilic fermentations
(Wiley, 2013)Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius is a Grampositive, thermophilic bacterium capable of ethanologenic fermentation of both C5 and C6 sugars and may have possible use for commercial bioethanol production [Tang et al., 2009; ... -
BANA-positive plaque samples are associated with oral hygiene practices and not CD4+ T cell counts in HIV-positive patients
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2012)Background. The “red complex” microorganisms, namely, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia are considered as potential pathogens causing HIV-associated periodontal diseases. Moreover, ... -
The baryonic Tully–Fisher relation in the SIMBA simulation
(Oxford University Press, 2020)We investigate the Baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (BTFR) in the (100h−1Mpc)3SIMBA hydrodynamical galaxy formation simulation together with a higher resolution (25h−1Mpc)3SIMBA run, for over 10 000 disc-dominated, H I-rich ... -
Basic statistical estimation outperforms machine learning in monthly prediction of seasonal climatic parameters
(MPDI, 2021)Machine learning (ML) has been utilized to predict climatic parameters, and many successes have been reported in the literature. In this paper, we scrutinize the effectiveness of five widely used ML algorithms in the ... -
Battery and data drain of over-the-top applications on low-end smartphones
(IIMC International Information Management Corporation, 2018)Low-end smartphones with sub $50 price tags provide affordable device ownership to low-income populations. However, their limited capacity, when combined with the need for multimodal connectivity, raises usage concerns in ... -
BDNF Val66Met and DRD2 Taq1A polymorphisms interact to influence PTSD symptom severity: A preliminary investigation in a South African population
(Elsevier, 2013)BACKGROUND: We evaluated the role that selected variants in serotonin transporter (5-HTT), dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genes play in PTSD symptom severity in an at-risk population. ... -
BDNF Val66Met modifies the risk of childhood trauma on obsessive-compulsive disorder
(Elsevier, 2013)Childhood trauma has been linked to the development of later psychopathology, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Although evidence exists to suggest that genetic and environmental factors are involved in the ... -
Beef-derived mesoporous carbon as highly efficient support for PtRuIr electrocatalysts and their high activity for CO and methanol oxidation
(SACI, 2014)In this work, a low-cost and nitrogen-containing carbon with mesoporous pores and high surface area was synthesized by carbonizing a natural biomass precursor, i.e. beef. It is found that the prepared material has excellent ... -
Beet leaf (beta vulgaris L.) extract attenuates iron-induced testicular toxicity: Experimental and computational approach
(Elsevier [Commercial Publisher], 2023)The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Beta vulgaris leaf extract (BVLE) on Fe2+-induced oxidative testicular damage via experimental and computational models. Oxidative testicular damage was ... -
The behaviour of rare earth elements from South African coal fly ash during enrichment processes: wet, magnetic separation and zeolitisation
(MDPI, 2021)are earth elements (REEs) are essential raw materials in a variety of industries including clean energy technologies such as electric vehicles and wind turbines. This places an ever-increasing demand on global rare earth ... -
The beneficial role of anchomanes difformis in stz-induced reproductive dysfunction in male wistar rats
(Dove Medical Press, 2020)Progression of diabetes mellitus has increasingly led to several diabetic complications. Diabetes is one of the major factors implicated in male reproductive system damage. Recent approaches such as the use of medicinal ... -
Beta decay along the n=z line and its relevance in rp-process and x-ray bursts
(EDP Sciences, 2023)Nucleosynthesis in Type I X-ray bursts (XRB) proceeds eventually through the rp-process near the proton drip-line. Several N=Z nuclei act as waiting points in the reaction network chain. Astrophysical calculations of XRB ... -
Beyond the jellyfish joyride and global oscillations: advancing jellyfish research
(Oxford University Press, 2013)There has been debate in the literature recently about increases in jellyfish populations in response to anthropogenic change, and this has attracted widespread media interest. Despite an international collaborative ... -
Beyond traditional ethics when developing assistive technology for and with deaf people in developing regions
(Springer, 2015)There are limitations to traditional ethical approaches and procedures when engaged in assistive technology (AT) research for Deaf people in a developing region. Non-traditional issues arise as a consequence of employing ... -
Bibliometrics: tracking research impact by selecting the appropriate metrics
(Medknow Publications, 2016)Traditionally, the success of a researcher is assessed by the number of publications he or she publishes in peer-reviewed, indexed, high impact journals. This essential yardstick, often referred to as the impact of a ... -
Big data analytics and its role to support groundwater management in the Southern African development community
(MDPI, 2020)Big data analytics (BDA) is a novel concept focusing on leveraging large volumes of heterogeneous data through advanced analytics to drive information discovery. This paper aims to highlight the potential role BDA can ...