School of Public Health
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With some exceptions, our work focuses on five inter-related programme areas – HIV/AIDS, TB, maternal and child health, public health nutrition, and non- communicable diseases – and three health systems areas which cut across all programmes – namely human resource development, health information systems and health promotion
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Research Articles (SoPH) [304]
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Processes and dynamics of linkage to care from mobile/outreach and facility‑based HIV testing models in hard‑to‑reach settings in rural Tanzania. Qualitative findings of a mixed methods study
(BMC, 2018)BACKGROUND: Like other countries, Tanzania instituted mobile and outreach testing approaches to address low HIV testing rates at health facilities and enhance linkage to care. Available evidence from hard-to-reach rural ... -
Impact of maternal ART on mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV at six weeks postpartum in Rwanda
(BMC, 2018)BACKGROUND: In 2010, Rwanda adopted ART for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV from pregnant women living with HIV during pregnancy and breasfeeding period. This study examines rates of mother-to-childtra ... -
Exploring service providers’ perspectives on the prevention and management of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in South Africa: a qualitative study
(BMC, 2018)BACKGROUND: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is among the leading causes of developmental and intellectual disabilities in individuals. Although efforts are being made toward the prevention and management of FASD ... -
Completeness of patient-held records: observations of the Road-to-Health Booklet from two national facility-based surveys at 6 weeks postpartum, South Africa
(Edinburgh University Global Health Society, 2018)BACKGROUND Continuity of care is important for child well-being in all settings where postnatal retention of mother-infant pairs in care remains a challenge. This analysis reports on completeness of patient-held infant ... -
Associations of perceived neighbourhood safety from traffic and crime with overweight/ obesity among South African adults of lowsocioeconomic status
(Public Library of Science, 2018)BACKGROUND The relationship between perceived neighbourhood safety from traffic and crime with overweight/ obesity can provide intervention modalities for obesity, yet no relevant study has been conducted in sub-Saharan ... -
The Empower Nudge lottery to increase dual protection use: a proof-of-concept randomised pilot trial in South Africa
(Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, 2018)The objective of this study is to measure the preliminary efficacy of a pilot intervention, grounded in behavioural economics, increasing adherence of dual protection (simultaneous use of effective modern contraception ... -
Wealth and cardiovascular health: a cross-sectional study of wealth-related inequalities in the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in high-, middle- and low-income countries
(BMC, 2016)BACKGROUND: Effective policies to control hypertension require an understanding of its distribution in the population and the barriers people face along the pathway from detection through to treatment and control. One key ... -
Access to medicines for asthma, diabetes and hypertension in eight counties of Kenya
(Wiley, 2018)OBJECTIVES: To assess access to noncommunicable diseases (NCD) medicines in Kenya for patients diagnosed and prescribed treatment for asthma, diabetes and hypertension. METHODS: Households in eight purposively chosen ... -
Suicidal thoughts and behaviour among South African adolescents living with HIV: Can social support buffer the impact of stigma?
(Elsevier, 2018)BACKGROUND: Adolescents living with HIV represent a high-risk population for suicidal ideation and attempts, especially in low-income settings. Yet little is known about risk and protective factors for suicide in this ... -
Child mortality in South Africa: Is the Sustainable Development Goal (3.2) target achievable with current efforts?
(Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG), 2018)The two articles by Bamford et al.[1,2] in the recent SAMJ Maternal and Child Health Supplement present trends in inpatient case fatality rates for diarrhoeal disease, pneumonia and severe acute malnutrition (SAM), and ... -
How clinicians experience a simulated antiretroviral therapy adherence exercise: A qualitative study
(AOSIS, 2018)BACKGROUND: With the shift of paediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART) from tertiary to primary health care, there has been a need to train clinicians working in primary health care facilities to support adherence to ... -
Toward elimination of mother–to–child transmission of HIV in South Africa: how best to monitor early infant infections within the Prevention of Mother–to–Child Transmission Program
(Edinburgh University Global Health Society, 2017)BACKGROUNDSouth Africa has utilized three independent data sources to measure the impact of its program for the prevention of mother–to–child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. These include the South African National Health ... -
Low HIV incidence in pregnant and postpartum women receiving a community-based combination HIV prevention intervention in a high HIV incidence setting in South Africa
(Public Library of Science, 2017)BACKGROUND Young Southern African women have the highest HIV incidence globally. Pregnancy doubles the risk of HIV acquisition further, and maternal HIV acquisition contributes significantly to the paediatric HIV burden. ... -
Costs of implementing integrated community case management (iCCM) in six African countries: implications for sustainability
(Edinburgh University Global Health Society, 2017)BACKGROUND Sub–Saharan Africa still reports the highest rates of under– five mortality. Low cost, high impact interventions exist, however poor access remains a challenge. Integrated community case management (iCCM) was ... -
What is the difference between comprehensive and selective primary health care? Evidence from a five-year longitudinal realist case study in South Australia
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2017)BACKGROUND Since the WHO’s Alma Ata Declaration on Primary Health Care (PHC) there has been debate about the advisability of adopting comprehensive or selective PHC. Proponents of the latter argue that a more ... -
Negotiating power relations, gender equality, and collective agency: are village health committees transformative social spaces in northern India?
(BMC, 2017)BACKGROUND: Participatory health initiatives ideally support progressive social change and stronger collective agency for marginalized groups. However, this empowering potential is often limited by inequalities within ... -
Beyond form and functioning: Understanding how contextual factors influence village health committees in northern India
(Public Library of Science, 2017)Health committees are a common strategy to foster community participation in health. Efforts to strengthen committees often focus on technical inputs to improve committee form (e.g. representative membership) and functioning ... -
Leadership and governance of community health worker programmes at scale: a cross case analysis of provincial implementation in South Africa
(BMC, 2017)BACKGROUND: National community health worker (CHW) programmes are returning to favour as an integral part of primary health care systems, often on the back of pre-existing community based initiatives. There are ... -
What constitutes responsiveness of physicians: A qualitative study in rural Bangladesh
(Public Library of Science, 2017)Responsiveness entails the social actions by health providers to meet the legitimate expectations of patients. It plays a critical role in ensuring continuity and effectiveness of care within people centered health ... -
Principles and processes behind promoting awareness of rights for quality maternal care services: a synthesis of stakeholder experiences and implementation factors
(BMC, 2017)BACKGROUND: Promoting awareness of rights is a value-based process that entails a different way of thinking and acting, which is at times misunderstood or deemed as aspirational. METHODS: Guided by the SURE framework, ...
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