Browsing Medical Bioscience by Title
Now showing items 7-26 of 293
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Amino acids 1055 to 1192 in the S2 Region of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus S Protein induce neutralizing antibodies: Implications for the development of vaccines and antiviral agents
(American Society for Microbiology, 2005)The spike (S) protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) interacts with cellular receptors to mediate membrane fusion, allowing viral entry into host cells; hence it is recognized as the primary ... -
Anaerobes and bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy: virulence factors contributing to vaginal colonisation
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2014)The aetiology and pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) is unclear but it appears to be associated with factors that disrupt the normal acidity of the vagina thus altering the equilibrium between the normal vaginal ... -
Antimicrobial resistant Gram-positive cocci in pregnant mothers with aerobic vaginitis
(Infection Control Africa Network (ICAN), 2016)The vaginal microbiota of a healthy asymptomatic woman consists of an extensive diversity of anaerobic and aerobic bacterial genera and species dominated by the microaerophilic genus Lactobacillus , known to inhibit the ... -
Antimicrobial-resistant Klebsiella species isolated from free-range chicken samples in an informal settlement
(Termedia Publishing House, 2012)Sub-therapeutic doses of antimicrobial agents are administered routinely to poultry to aid growth and to prevent disease, with prolonged exposure often resulting in bacterial resistance. Crossover of antibiotic resistant ... -
Antioxidant and apoptosis-inhibition potential of Carpobrotus edulis in a model of parkinson’s disease
(African Association of Physiological Sciences, 2018)Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder resulting from the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. There is currently no known cure for PD, thus the search for complementary and alternative medicines ... -
Antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammation activity of Garcinia livingstonei aqueous leaf extract: a preliminary study
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024)Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the second leading cause of mortality globally. The increased concern for DM is due to the underlying complications accompanying hyperglycaemia, associated with oxidative stress and consequent ... -
Aqueous extractions of mondia whitei root improve human sperm function in vitro
(Elsevier B.V., 2024)Introduction: Mondia whitei (Mw) is a prominent African medicinal plant that is widely used as traditional treatment in the management of sexual dysfunction and male infertility. Yet, there is a paucity of scientific ... -
Aqueous extractions of Mondia whitei root improve human sperm function in vitro
(Elsevier B.V., 2024)Introduction: Mondia whitei (Mw) is a prominent African medicinal plant that is widely used as traditional treatment in the management of sexual dysfunction and male infertility. Yet, there is a paucity of scientific ... -
Aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera reduced intracellular ROS production, DNA fragmentation and acrosome reaction in Human spermatozoa in vitro
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2021)The effects of aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera (MO) on human sperm functions and integrity was studied in vitro. Semen was obtained by masturbation after 3–5 days' abstinence from 34 healthy donors in Western Cape, ... -
Aqueous leaf extract of Sutherlandia frutescens attenuates ROS-induced apoptosis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells
(University of Benin, 2020)To investigate the neuroprotective activity of the aqueous extract of Sutherlandia frutescens (SF) against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Methods: SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma ... -
Are claudin-5 tight-junction proteins in the blood-brain barrier porous?
(Wolters Kluwer Health, 2020)The capillaries of the brain are particularly special, as they are not simply conduits for blood, but are primarily responsible to ensure that the neurons function in a strictly regulated homeostatic interstitium. Brain ... -
Association among sperm chromatin condensation, sperm DNA fragmentation and 8-OHdG in seminal plasma and semen parameters in infertile men with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia
(Wiley, 2021)The present study aimed to investigate the clinical role of standard sperm diagnosis parameters (sperm concentration, motility, morphology) as well as aniline blue staining of histones, 8-OHdG, TUNEL assay were performed ... -
The association between environmental exposures during childhood and the subsequent development of Crohn's Disease: A score analysis approach
(Public Library of Science, 2017)Background Environmental factors during childhood are thought to play a role in the aetiology of Crohn's Disease (CD). In South Africa, recently published work based on an investigation of 14 childhood environmental exposures ... -
The association between gender and tooth loss in a small rural population of South Africa
(Science Publishing Group, 2013)Periodontal disease, which attacks the gums and supporting structures of the tooth, is one of the major causes of tooth loss in adults. Few studies on general well-being have compared the differences in oral health between ... -
Association between promoter methylation of MLH1 and MSH2 and reactive oxygen species in oligozoospermic men—A pilot study
(Wiley, 2017)MLH1 and MSH2 are important genes for DNA mismatch repair and crossing over during meiosis and are implicated in male infertility. Therefore, the methylation patterns of the DNA mismatch repair genes MLH1 and MSH2 in ... -
Association of XRCC1 and ERCC2 promoters’ methylation with chromatin condensation and sperm DNA fragmentation in idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermic men
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2021)The aim of the study was to investigate whether the promoter methylation of XRCC1 and ERCC2 genes is associated with sperm DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation in idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermic men. This ... -
Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis: Case report with history of urticaria, petechiae and palpable pinpoint purpura triggered by medical abortion
(South African Medical Association, 2016)Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis (APD) is a rare autoimmune response to raised endogenous progesterone levels that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Cutaneous, mucosal lesions and other systemic ... -
Automation of human semen analysis using a novel artificial intelligence optical microscopic technology
(Wiley Online Library, 2019)Current semen analysis still commonly depends on a manual microscopy method in clinical laboratories worldwide. However, some of the major disadvantages of this technique are that it is labour‐intensive, subjective, ... -
Autosomal recessive congenital cataract in captive-bred vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops)
(Wiley, 2018)BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate the genetic predisposition of congenital cataract in a colony of captive-bred vervet monkeys. METHODS: Four congenital cataract genes: glucosaminyl (N-acetyl) transferase ... -
B-cell and T-cell activation in South African HIV-1-positive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients
(AOSIS, 2018)BACKGROUND: Altered immune mechanisms play a critical role in the pathogenesis of non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). HIV-1 (HIV) infection is associated with a state of excessive T-cell activation, which can lead to increased ...