Browsing Research Articles (Medical Bioscience) by Issue Date
Now showing items 81-100 of 256
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Bacterial morphotype grading for periodontal disease assessment
(Nature Publishing Group, 2017)BACKGROUND: Listgarten and Hellden (1978) used darkfield microscopy of wet mounts to differentiate between healthy and periodontally diseased sites in the mouth by expressing the different bacterial morphotypes observed ... -
Interpretation of semen analysis using WHO 1999 and WHO 2010 reference values: abnormal becoming normal
(Wiley, 2017)Reference values of WHO 1999 manual were used for the interpretation of semen analysis until 2010 when new reference values were introduced which have lower cut-off compared to WHO 1999. Therefore, several men who previously ... -
The association between environmental exposures during childhood and the subsequent development of Crohn's Disease: A score analysis approach
(Public Library of Science, 2017)Background Environmental factors during childhood are thought to play a role in the aetiology of Crohn's Disease (CD). In South Africa, recently published work based on an investigation of 14 childhood environmental exposures ... -
A simple point of care test can indicate the need for periodontal therapy to reduce the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes in mothers attending antenatal clinics
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2017)INTRODUCTION: Although the association between periodontal disease (PD) and adverse pregnancy outcomes has gained recognition amongst antenatal healthcare workers, not much has changed in practice to address it. This ... -
Effects of GnRH vaccination in wild and captive African Elephant bulls (Loxodonta africana) on reproductive organs and semen quality
(Public Library of Science, 2017)OBJECTIVES: Although the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) is classified as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), in some isolated habitats in southern Africa, contraception is of ... -
Biodegradable ceramics consisting of hydroxyapatite for orthopaedic implants
(MDPI, 2017)This study aims to analyze hydroxyapatite (HAP) coatings enriched with Mg and Ti prepared by a magnetron sputtering technique on Ti6Al4V substrate. For preparation of the coatings, three magnetron targets (HAP, MgO and ... -
Further evidence for periodontal disease as a risk indicator for adverse pregnancy outcomes
(Elsevier, 2017)Although there is increasing evidence to suggest an association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, the issue remains controversial. Study objective: This study tested the hypothesis that ... -
Smoking‐induced genetic and epigenetic alterations in infertile men
(Wiley, 2018)Male fertility rates have shown a progressive decrease in both developing and industrialised countries in the past 50 years. Clinical and epidemiological studies have demonstrated controversial results about the harmful ... -
Radiations and male fertility
(Springer Nature, 2018)During recent years, an increasing percentage of male infertility has to be attributed to an array of environmental, health and lifestyle factors. Male infertility is likely to be affected by the intense exposure to heat ... -
Reactive oxygen species and male reproductive hormones
(BMC, 2018)Reports of the increasing incidence of male infertility paired with decreasing semen quality have triggered studies on the effects of lifestyle and environmental factors on the male reproductive potential. There are ... -
Reactive oxygen species and male reproductive hormones
(BMC, 2018)Reports of the increasing incidence of male infertility paired with decreasing semen quality have triggered studies on the effects of lifestyle and environmental factors on the male reproductive potential. There are ... -
Antioxidant and apoptosis-inhibition potential of Carpobrotus edulis in a model of parkinson’s disease
(African Association of Physiological Sciences, 2018)Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder resulting from the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. There is currently no known cure for PD, thus the search for complementary and alternative medicines ... -
Microtubular dysfunction and male infertility
(Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology, 2018)Microtubules are the prime component of the cytoskeleton along with microfilaments. Being vital for organelle transport and cellular divisions during spermatogenesis and sperm motility process, microtubules ascertain ... -
B-cell and T-cell activation in South African HIV-1-positive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients
(AOSIS, 2018)BACKGROUND: Altered immune mechanisms play a critical role in the pathogenesis of non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). HIV-1 (HIV) infection is associated with a state of excessive T-cell activation, which can lead to increased ... -
Calibration of redox potential in sperm wash media and evaluation of oxidation–reduction potential values in various assisted reproductive technology culture media using MiOXSYS system
(Wiley, 2018)Oxidation–reduction potential describes the balance between the oxidants and antioxidants in fluids including semen. Various artificial culture media are used in andrology and IVF laboratories for sperm preparation and to ... -
Evaluation of reference values of standard semen parameters in fertile Egyptian men
(Wiley, 2018)The reference values of human semen, published in the WHO’s latest edition in 2010, were lower than those previously reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate reference values of standard semen parameters in ... -
Relative contribution of various chronic diseases and multi-morbidity to potential disability among Dutch elderly
(2018, 2018)BACKGROUND: The amount of time spent living with disease greatly influences elderly people’s wellbeing, disability and healthcare costs, but differs by disease, age and sex. METHODS: We assessed how various single and ... -
Human sperm handling in intracytoplasmic sperm injection processes: In vitro studies on mouse oocyte activation, embryo development competence and sperm oxidation–reduction potential
(Wiley, 2018)Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are routinely used in handling spermatozoa for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). As there are still concerns about possible adverse effects on the embryo, this ... -
Autosomal recessive congenital cataract in captive-bred vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops)
(Wiley, 2018)BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate the genetic predisposition of congenital cataract in a colony of captive-bred vervet monkeys. METHODS: Four congenital cataract genes: glucosaminyl (N-acetyl) transferase ... -
The excessive use of antioxidant therapy: A possible cause of male infertility?
(Wiley, 2018)Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress are closely associated with various pathologies such as neurodegenerative diseases, ageing and male infertility. Hence, antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, N‐acetyl ...